Unzip:

• sudo apt-get install unzip
• unzip [file]

Tar:

• tar -cvvf foo.tar [directory]

Untar:

• tar -zxvf yourfile.tar
• tar -xvfz filename.tar.gz
• tar -xvzf filename.tar.gz [directory]
• tar -jxvf filename.tar.bz2

Find: find [dir] -type d|f -iname ‘searchstring’

• find / -type -d -iname ‘python’
• find ~ -type d -exec chmod +x {} \;

UserAdd: useradd <username>

• sudo useradd -d /home/testuser -m <username>
  ( -d specifies home directory, -m makes the folder if it doesn’t exist )
• sudo passwd <username>
  ( User add doesn’t add password unless you specify with -p )

Make a new Group: groupadd <groupname>

To see what groups currently exist:  cat /etc/group

To see current users logged in: w

Updated Summery The /var/www directory is owned by root:root which means that no one can use it and it’s entirely useless. Since we all want a web server that actually works (and no-one should be logging in as “root”), then we need to fix this.Only two entities need access. PHP/Perl/Ruby/Python all need access to the folders and files since they create many of them (i.e./uploads/). These scripting languages should be running under nginx or apache (or even some other thing like FastCGI for PHP). The developers How do they get access? I know that someone, somewhere has done this before. With however-many billions of websites out there you would think that there would be more information on this topic. I know that 777 is full read/write/execute permission for owner/group/other. So this doesn’t seem to be needed as it leaves random users full permissions.What permissions are need to be used on /var/www so that… Source control like git or svn Users in a group like “websites” (or even added to “www-data”) Servers like apache or lighthttpd And PHP/Perl/Ruby can all read, create, and run files (and directories) there?If I’m correct, Ruby and PHP scripts are not “executed” directly – but passed to an interpreter. So there is no need for execute permission on files in /var/www…? Therefore, it seems like the correct permission would be chmod -R 1660 which would make all files shareable by these four entities all files non-executable by mistake block everyone else from the directory entirely set the permission mode to “sticky” for all future files Is this correct?Update: I just realized that files and directories might need different permissions – I was talking about files above so i’m not sure what the directory permissions would need to be.Update 2: The folder structure of /var/www changes drastically as one of the four entities above are always adding (and sometimes removing) folders and sub folders many levels deep. They also create and remove files that the other 3 entities might need read/write access to. Therefore, the permissions need to do the four things above for both files and directories. Since non of them should need execute permission (see question about ruby/php above) I would assume that rw-rw-r-- permission would be all that is needed and completely safe since these four entities are run by trusted personal (see #2) and all other users on the system only have read access.Update 3: This is for personal development machines and private company servers. No random “web customers” like a shared host.Update 4: This article by slicehost seems to be the best at explaining what is needed to setup permissions for your www folder. However, I’m not sure what user or group apache/nginx with PHP OR svn/git run as and how to change them.Update 5: I have (I think) finally found a way to get this all to work (answer below). However, I don’t know if this is the correct and SECURE way to do this. Therefore I have started a bounty. The person that has the best method of securing and managing the www directory wins. linux permissions www chmod link|improve this question edited Mar 24 ’10 at 3:47 asked Mar 22 ’10 at 1:21 Xeoncross 481415 89% accept rate

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Well after trying to recompile the entire library, i came across this link.

http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#mysql-python

A plethora of precompile python libraries.  What a great resource.

Up until i found the precompiled libraries i came across a plethora of errors trying to compile MySQLdb.  Errors I’ve gotten:

File setup_windows.py line 7, in get_config serverKey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, options['registry_key'])

error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

Hope this helps you as much as it did me.

Add the following urls to your sources.list file:

deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx
deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx

Close and save the file.  Then run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

That simple.  Next comes Configuring NGiNX.

The sources.list is a text file on a Debian derived Linux distributions.  Aptitude (apt-get) uses this list of servers as locations from which to retrieve software. To add to this you must be logged into a terminal.  Have ready and know how to use a simple terminal text editor such as nano or vi. Open the sources.list file in your text editor.  I prefer nano text editor so the command will look like:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

You must sudo this command unless you’re already switched to the super user account via: ‘sudo -s’.  Now add or delete any lines you need to, then save.  The next apt-get command you run will now pull from these servers.

Create a Username/Password which will be stored in ‘useraccess’, a file I just made up.

htpasswd -b -c useraccess username password

-b: allows password in command line rather than prompt
-c: creates new passwd file, or rewrites and appends if the file already exists.

Now in the nginx config, under:

server {

location /protectedlocation {

Add the following

auth_basic "Message box title of password prompt";
auth_basic_user_file /path/to/useraccess;

Now restart nginx and go to the location you've just protected.  Please comment if this was useful.

Copy and paste this into your address bar:


javascript:$("#content").css("display", "block");$("#mw-sopaOverlay").css("display","none");


To disable blackout on wordpress.com: (this does you no good because the url’s are rewritten)

javascript: jQuery("span").removeClass("picture");jQuery(".posttitle").attr("style", "background: #FFFFFF ! important");jQuery("small span").attr("style", "background: #FFFFFF ! important");jQuery("span span").attr("style", "background: #FFFFFF ! important");jQuery("span strong").attr("style", "background: #FFFFFF ! important");


http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&q=amazon+free+tier

The terminal from a Xubuntu desktop isn’t executing any commands. The error is “ ‘unknown’: unknown terminal type. “ Check what terminal is set to by running: “ SET | MORE ”   Then scroll down to where you see the variable:  ” TERM= “.  If “ TERM=unknown “, simply fix this problem by typing:  TERM=xterm

A great tool for not showing 404 pages on your wordpress website.  I’ve used this for a couple years now.  I just recently discovered that if you type in a url with a keyword that cannot be found in your posts or pages, this plugin will show a 404 page.  The whole point of this plugin is to be smart right?  Well as a fix for now I’ve just made it default to your lastest post if it cannot find the keywords in the uri.  Fix can be found @ Pastebin: http://pastebin.com/1qb4h11V

Thank you stumble upon, for your weekly interesting emails.  Every email I’ve gotten from StumbleUpon has in fact held my interested.  One of the few sites I actually allow weekly emails from.  Thanks to those emails I’ve found this little handy javascript.

javascript:(function(){var s,F,j,f,i; s = ""; F = document.forms; for(j=0; j